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Association of the Omega-3 Index with Incident Prostate Cancer with Updated Meta-Analysis: The Cooper Center
Stephen W Farrell1, Laura F DeFina1, Nathan L Tintle2,3
1The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA.
Nutrients
|February 3, 2021
Summary
Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) do not appear to influence prostate cancer (PC) risk. This study and a meta-analysis found no significant link between n-3 PUFA intake and PC development.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Oncology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- The relationship between long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and prostate cancer (PC) is not well-established.
- Previous research has yielded conflicting results regarding n-3 PUFA's impact on PC risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the Omega-3 Index (O3I) and incident prostate cancer rates.
- To update a meta-analysis of n-3 PUFA biomarker-based studies with new findings on PC risk.
Main Methods:
- Incident PC rates were compared with baseline O3I in 5607 men aged 40-80.
- Proportional hazards regression modeled the association between O3I and time to PC diagnosis.
- A meta-analysis of 10 biomarker-based studies was updated.
Main Results:
- No significant linear association was found between O3I and incident PC (HR=0.98 per 1% increment, p=0.25).
- The updated meta-analysis revealed no significant relationship between EPA or DHA levels and PC risk.
Conclusions:
- This study provides no evidence that n-3 PUFA intake affects prostate cancer risk.
- A meta-analysis of similar studies also found no association between n-3 PUFA and PC risk.
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