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Updated: Nov 19, 2025
Validated Immunochemical Assay for Comprehensive Determination of the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Released from and Bound to Cells
Published on: May 9, 2025
Recent progress in immunotherapy of breast cancer targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)
Homa Seyedmirzaei1,2, Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi1,2,3, Sepideh Razi1,4
1Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Objective:
Breast cancer is responsible for most of the cancer-induced deaths in women around the world. The current review will discuss different approaches of targeting HER2, an epidermal growth factor overexpressed in 30% of breast cancer cases.
Data Sources:
We conducted a search on Pubmed and Scopus databases to find studies relevant to HER2+ breast cancers and targeting HER2 as means of immunotherapy. Out of 1043 articles, 105 studies were included in this review.
Data Summary:
As well as the introduction of HER2 and breast cancer subtypes, we discussed various aspects of HER2-targeting immunotherapy including monoclonal antibodies, Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells and vaccines.
Conclusions:
Despite several ways of controlling breast cancer, the need to investigate new drugs and approaches seems to be much significant as this cancer still has a heavy burden on people's health and survival.
Insights
This review explores HER2-targeting immunotherapies for breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer deaths in women. New treatment strategies are crucial for improving patient survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, particularly for women.
- Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in approximately 30% of breast cancer cases, driving tumor growth.
- Targeting HER2 offers a promising therapeutic avenue for specific breast cancer subtypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging immunotherapeutic strategies targeting HER2 in breast cancer.
- To provide an overview of different approaches for HER2-targeted therapy.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases.
- 105 relevant studies were selected from an initial pool of 1043 articles focusing on HER2+ breast cancer and immunotherapy.
- The review synthesized information on HER2, breast cancer subtypes, and various HER2-targeting immunotherapies.
Main Results:
- Discussed the role of HER2 in breast cancer pathogenesis.
- Detailed various HER2-targeting immunotherapy modalities including monoclonal antibodies, Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells, and vaccines.
- Highlighted the diversity of approaches available for HER2-directed treatment.
Conclusions:
- Despite advancements, breast cancer continues to impose a substantial burden on global health.
- There is a critical and ongoing need for the development of novel drugs and innovative therapeutic strategies.
- Further research into HER2-targeting immunotherapies is essential for improving outcomes and survival in breast cancer patients.
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