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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Demonstrating a Multi-drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Amplification Microarray
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Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, ten years later.

José Antonio Caminero Luna1, Guillermo Pérez Mendoza1, Felipe Rodríguez de Castro1

  • 1Unidad de Tuberculosis y Micobacteriosis, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General de Gran Canaria «Dr. Negrin», Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEspaña.

Medicina Clinica
|February 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), particularly rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), poses a significant global health challenge. Recent advancements have introduced new therapeutic regimens, improving treatment success rates for patients with RR-TB.

Keywords:
Drug-resistant tuberculosisExtensively drug-resistant tuberculosisMDR-TBMulti-drug resistant tuberculosisTB extensamente fármaco resistenteTB-MDRTB-XDRTratamientoTreatmentTuberculosisTuberculosis con resistencia a fármacosTuberculosis multi-resistenteXDR-TB

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), especially rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), is a major impediment to global TB eradication efforts.
  • Current treatment often requires complex regimens of 3-4 drugs with limited efficacy.
  • The rising incidence of RR-TB has spurred investment in novel anti-TB drug development and repurposing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the clinical management of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
  • To highlight the impact of new drug development and repurposed medications on therapeutic strategies.
  • To provide an updated overview of current treatment options and success rates for RR-TB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies and clinical trials on drug-resistant tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of changes in therapeutic regimen design and clinical management over the past 3-4 years.
  • Synthesis of data on the efficacy of new and repurposed drugs for RR-TB treatment.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in developing new drugs and repurposing existing ones for TB treatment.
  • Clinical management strategies for RR-TB have evolved, leading to improved treatment design.
  • Higher success rates in treating patients with RR-TB are now achievable due to these advancements.

Conclusions:

  • The landscape of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment has been positively transformed by recent innovations.
  • Current therapeutic approaches offer greater efficacy and improved outcomes for RR-TB patients.
  • This review consolidates these critical updates for effective clinical management.