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Sound Intensity Level00:53

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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Measurement of Vibration Detection Threshold and Tactile Spatial Acuity in Human Subjects
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Normative Reference Value for Tactile Localization Acuity among School-going Children: A Normative Research.

Krati Omar1,2, Asir John Samuel1,3

  • 1Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India.

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
|February 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study establishes normal tactile localization (TL) reference values for children aged 8-13. Tactile localization acuity improves with age, with no significant gender differences found.

Keywords:
Acuitychildrenforearmperceptiontouch location

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception

Background:

  • Tactile localization (TL) is a key component of sensory assessment.
  • Currently, there is a lack of normative data for TL in children.
  • Establishing these norms is crucial for accurate clinical evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the normative reference values for tactile localization acuity.
  • To investigate tactile localization in healthy school-going children aged 8 to 13 years.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study involving 365 healthy children (8-13 years).
  • Tactile localization acuity measured using the point-to-point tactile localization (PPTL) technique.
  • Measurements taken on 15 identified body areas, with the mean of three readings used.

Main Results:

  • Tactile localization acuity ranged from 0.9 cm (little finger palm) to 1.5 cm (posterior arm).
  • Acuity demonstrated a positive correlation with increasing age.
  • No significant gender-based differences were observed in TL acuity across the 15 areas.

Conclusions:

  • Normative reference values for tactile localization acuity have been successfully established for children aged 8-13.
  • These findings provide essential benchmarks for assessing tactile sensory function in pediatric populations.