Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

544
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
544
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

139
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
139
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

429
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
429
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

285
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
285
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

5.6K
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
5.6K
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

147
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
147

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a prospective phase II study.

Clinical kidney journal·2026
Same author

Outcomes and Validation of Histopathological Scores in Pediatric ANCA-vasculitis.

Kidney international reports·2026
Same author

Outcomes and complications of different approaches for 1-2 cm upper tract stones in the paediatric population: bicentric retrospective analysis.

Pediatric surgery international·2026
Same author

Precision Diagnosis in APOL1 Kidney Disease With the p.N264K M1 Protective Variant.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Urinary extracellular vesicles levels of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: a pilot study.

BMC nephrology·2026
Same author

Correction: Investigating the use of finerenone in children with chronic kidney disease and proteinuria: design of the FIONA and open-label extension studies.

Trials·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
06:37

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

547

Kidney damage associated with vesico ureteric reflux.

Ian K Hewitt1, Giovanni Montini2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|February 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vesico ureteral reflux can cause congenital and acquired kidney damage. Recent research explores genetic factors, infection defenses like uromodulin, and treatments to reduce kidney scarring.

More Related Videos

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
04:37

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

Published on: April 25, 2025

1.0K
A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
05:34

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

326

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 18, 2025

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
06:37

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

547
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
04:37

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

Published on: April 25, 2025

1.0K
A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
05:34

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

326

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Vesico ureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the ureters.
  • Kidney damage from VUR was historically attributed mainly to pyelonephritis, leading to long-term complications.
  • Emerging evidence distinguishes between congenital and acquired forms of kidney damage linked to VUR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding kidney damage associated with VUR.
  • To explore the distinct congenital and acquired forms of kidney damage in VUR.
  • To highlight novel insights into genetic and protective factors influencing VUR-related renal abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific articles on VUR and kidney damage.
  • Analysis of research focusing on congenital urinary tract abnormalities and their genetic underpinnings.
  • Examination of studies on infection predisposition, renal scarring, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Congenital kidney abnormalities linked to VUR are associated with urothelium and gene mutations.
  • Uromodulin plays a role in defending against urinary tract infections and preventing kidney scarring.
  • Interventions like Vitamin A and steroids may reduce scarring during acute infections.
  • A study found no long-term adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of childhood UTIs.

Conclusions:

  • Kidney damage in VUR is multifactorial, involving both congenital and acquired components.
  • Genetic factors and urothelial development are crucial in congenital VUR-associated kidney abnormalities.
  • Uromodulin and targeted interventions show promise in managing infection risk and preventing renal scarring.
  • Long-term outcomes, including pregnancy, appear favorable for women treated for VUR-related issues in childhood.