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Related Experiment Videos

Early structural changes in sheep lung following thoracic irradiation.

M L Guerry-Force1, E A Perkett, K L Brigham

  • 1Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.

Radiation Research
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Radiation lung injury in sheep causes early edema and cell changes, leading to sustained pulmonary hypertension within 4 weeks. These findings suggest mononuclear cells may play a role in radiation-induced lung disease pathogenesis or repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Radiation lung injury can lead to pulmonary hypertension before pneumonitis or fibrosis.
  • Sheep exposed to thoracic irradiation provide a large animal model for studying radiation lung injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sequential morphological changes in sheep lungs following bilateral thoracic irradiation.
  • To correlate lung tissue changes with the development of pulmonary hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Bilateral thoracic irradiation (15 Gy) was administered to six sheep; control sheep were sham-irradiated.
  • Lung biopsy and autopsy samples were collected weekly for 4 weeks post-irradiation.
  • Light and electron microscopy were used to examine lung tissue morphology.

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Main Results:

  • Early interstitial and intraalveolar edema and endothelial/epithelial injury were observed by Week 1.
  • A progressive increase in interstitial mononuclear cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages, was noted from Week 1, doubling by Week 3.
  • Increased mononuclear cell counts paralleled the development of sustained pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Early lung injury following thoracic irradiation involves edema and cellular changes.
  • Mononuclear cell accumulation in the lung may be involved in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced pulmonary hypertension or represent a repair response.