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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Reliable and High Efficiency Extraction of Kidney Immune Cells
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CD8 and CD4 T Cell Populations in Human Kidneys.

Carlos van der Putten1,2, Ester B M Remmerswaal1,2, Matty L Terpstra1,2

  • 1Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Cells
|February 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) are present in human kidneys, exhibiting active cycling and expressing key markers like CXCR3 and CXCR6. These findings shed light on kidney immune defense mechanisms.

Keywords:
CD103CD4CD69CD8T-cellsallograftkidneytissue-resident lymphocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) are crucial for immune defense at barrier sites and in organs against various pathogens.
  • The presence and function of TRM cells in the human kidney remain largely uncharacterized.
  • Understanding kidney-specific T cell immunity is vital for managing infections and transplant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenotypic and functional characteristics of CD8 and CD4 T cells in healthy and allograft kidney tissue.
  • To compare kidney-resident T cells with circulating T cells in healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Multichannel flow cytometry was employed to analyze T cells from healthy renal tissue (n=5) and kidney allografts (n=7).
  • Peripheral blood T cells from healthy controls (n=13) served as a comparison group.
  • Phenotypic markers (CD69, CD103, CXCR3, CXCR6) and functional readouts (cycling status, cytokine production) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Kidney tissue harbored substantial CD8 and CD4 T cell populations.
  • Compared to circulating T cells, kidney T cells showed increased expression of CD69, CD103, CXCR3, and CXCR6, and were more proliferative.
  • Kidney T cells produced higher levels of IFNγ and exhibited polyfunctional responses.

Conclusions:

  • Functional T cells with TRM characteristics are present in human kidney tissue.
  • These kidney-resident T cells are actively cycling and express specific chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CXCR6).
  • This study provides novel insights into the immunological defense mechanisms within the human kidney.