Premature Mortality Due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Poland

Background and objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is responsible for 5.3% of deaths worldwide and constitutes the third most common cause of death. The deaths from this cause occur over 10times more often in smokers than in non-smokers. Fortunately, for nearly 30 years, the proportion of people smoking tobacco in Poland has been decreasing. This study aims to analyse the change in premature mortality rates of men and women due to COPD in Poland during 2008-2017. Materials and Methods: The time trends of deaths occurring under 65 were analysed. Standardised premature mortality rates were used, as well as the mortality rates for the five-year age ranges, with a breakdown by gender. The Joinpoint model was used to determine time trends. Results: Over the period analysed, premature mortality in the female population decreased by 2.6% from year to year, albeit without statistical significance, and in the male population there was a decrease by statistically significant 5.2% per year. The biggest drop in mortality, almost 10% per year, was observed in the group of females aged between 50 and 54. Among males, the most significant reduction in mortality was observed in groups between the ages of 40 and 54, and it amounted to approximately 8% annually. With increasing age, the dynamics of mortality reduction decreased. Conclusions: The study showed a steady downward trend in premature mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Poland in both genders. The reduction in mortality was at a high level, despite the lower mortality due to this cause than in other European countries.