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Women's vulnerability within the childbearing continuum: A scoping review
Elisabetta Colciago1, Beatrice Merazzi1, Maria Panzeri2
1School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
This scoping review defines vulnerability in pregnant women as a lack of health, influenced by factors like risk exposure and social needs. Midwives play a crucial role in identifying and supporting vulnerable women.
Area of Science:
- Maternal Health
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background:
- The concept of 'vulnerability' in pregnant women requires a clear definition.
- Understanding vulnerability is essential for targeted maternal healthcare interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the concept of vulnerability affecting pregnant women.
- To identify and define vulnerability in the context of pregnancy.
Main Methods:
- A five-stage scoping review was conducted.
- Literature search across three databases (October 2017 - January 2018).
- Semantic content analysis of eleven publications to identify themes and determinants of vulnerability.
Main Results:
- Eight definitions of vulnerability were identified, yielding four key themes: poor health, risk exposure, complex social needs, and lack of resources.
- Thirteen indices of vulnerability were identified and categorized into four determinants: deficiency, need, risk exposure, and barriers.
- Vulnerable groups often presented with social and psychological difficulties.
Conclusions:
- Vulnerability in pregnant women is defined as a lack of health, linked to at least one of the four identified determinants.
- Midwives are pivotal in identifying vulnerable women and providing tailored care.
- A clear definition aids in developing effective support strategies for pregnant women facing vulnerability.
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