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Related Concept Videos

Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

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The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

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In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400...
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Immunogold Electron Microscopy01:20

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

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Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
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Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

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Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

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To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy SBEM for the Study of Dendritic Spines
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[Scanning electron microscopy study of rat lung tissue].

A G Sesti, G Papeschi, P Calsini

    Le Poumon Et Le Coeur
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Physical fixation better preserves rat lung tissue morphology for scanning electron microscopy. This method avoids structural distortions seen with chemical fixation, revealing clearer, near-original alveolar shapes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary research
    • Microscopy techniques
    • Histology

    Context:

    • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is crucial for visualizing intricate tissue structures.
    • Preservation methods significantly impact the fidelity of observed morphology.
    • Rat lung tissue is a common model for respiratory studies.

    Purpose:

    • To compare the effects of chemical versus physical fixation on rat lung tissue for SEM.
    • To determine the optimal fixation method for preserving lung microstructure.
    • To evaluate the clarity and accuracy of morphological details obtained by each method.

    Summary:

    • Rat lung tissue samples underwent either chemical or physical fixation before SEM examination.
    • Chemical fixation resulted in tissue retraction and irregular alveolar shapes.

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  • Physical fixation preserved lung morphology without distortion, yielding clear details closely resembling original conditions.

    • Impact:

    • Physical fixation is recommended for accurate SEM-based studies of lung morphology.
    • This finding improves the reliability of data in pulmonary research.
    • Enhanced visualization techniques contribute to a better understanding of lung diseases.