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Virtually-Planned Orthognathic Surgery Achieves an Accurate Condylar Position
Hyun Jun Oh1, Jun-Ho Moon2, Hyunbin Ha1
1Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Summary
Virtual surgical planning for orthognathic surgery shows high accuracy, especially for condylar and maxillary locations. Errors were greatest in the mandible
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Virtual surgical planning (VSP) is increasingly used in orthognathic surgery.
- Detailed accuracy analysis by anatomical region, particularly the mandibular condyle, is lacking.
- Understanding regional accuracy is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare virtual surgical plans with actual outcomes in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.
- To analyze the degree and distribution of surgical errors across different anatomical locations.
- To assess the accuracy of VSP in skeletal Class III patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 52 skeletal Class III patients undergoing bimaxillary surgery.
- Comparison of virtual plans and surgical outcomes using 3D distance error metrics.
- Analysis of errors at the condyles, maxilla, and distal mandible, considering age and gender.
- Landmark comparison via affine transformation and visualization with multidimensional scattergrams.
Main Results:
- Mean 3D errors were 1.03 mm (condyles), 1.25 mm (maxilla), and 2.24 mm (distal mandible).
- Condylar landmarks showed slight inferior displacement (0.49 mm), maxillary anterior (0.28 mm), and distal mandible inferior (1.25 mm).
- Landmark errors were most distributed in the distal mandible compared to condyles and maxilla.
Conclusions:
- Virtual surgical planning demonstrates high accuracy, with the greatest agreement for condylar and maxillary landmarks.
- Surgical outcomes align well with virtual plans, particularly in the condylar region.
- Awareness of location-specific error tendencies is essential for surgeons using VSP in orthognathic procedures.
