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Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Mutagenesis and Analysis of Genetic Mutations in the GC-rich KISS1 Receptor Sequence Identified in Humans with Reproductive Disorders
Published on: September 4, 2011
Formation of Kiss1R/GPER Heterocomplexes Negatively Regulates Kiss1R-mediated Signalling through Limiting Receptor
Ran Ke1, Samson Ian Sam Lok1, Kailash Singh2
1Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
Abstract:
Kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1R) is an important receptor that plays central regulatory roles in reproduction by regulating hormone release in the hypothalamus. We hypothesize that the formation of heterocomplexes between Kiss1R and other hypothalamus G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) affects their cellular signaling. Through screening of potential interactions between Kiss1R and hypothalamus GPCRs, we identified G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) as one interaction partner of Kiss1R. Based on the recognised function of kisspeptin and estrogen in regulating the reproductive system, we investigated the Kiss1R/GPER heterocomplex in more detail and revealed that complex formation significantly reduced Kiss1R-mediated signaling. GPER did not directly antagonize Kiss1R conformational changes upon ligand binding, but it rather reduced the cell surface expression of Kiss1R. These results therefore demonstrate a regulatory mechanism of hypothalamic hormone receptors via receptor cooperation in the reproductive system and modulation of receptor sensitivity.
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