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Risk factors for ischemic antiphospholipid syndrome: A case-control study
Roxana Matus-Mayorga1, Ana Barrera-Vargas2, Marina Rull-Gabayet2
1Stroke Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
|February 4, 2021
Summary
Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients with ischemic stroke (IS) showed similar vascular risk factors but lower antibody positivity compared to those without stroke. This research helps understand IS risks in APS patients.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Neurology
- Immunology
Background:
- Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with an increased risk of thrombosis.
- Ischemic stroke (IS) is a significant complication in APS patients, but risk factors require further elucidation.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for preventing and managing IS in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical and laboratory risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS) in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted with primary APS patients.
- Patients were divided into two groups: those with IS and those without a history of stroke.
- Demographics, vascular risk factors, treatments, laboratory results, imaging, and functional outcomes were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Fifty-three IS cases and sixty-six non-stroke controls with primary APS were recruited.
- Hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia were common vascular risk factors.
- Lower prevalence of lupus anticoagulant, anti-β2 glycoprotein IgG, and anticardiolipin IgG was observed in IS patients compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Primary APS patients with IS share similar vascular risk factors with non-stroke APS patients.
- Lower antibody positivity was noted in APS patients with IS compared to those with extracranial thrombosis.
- These findings aid in refining risk stratification for IS in primary APS.
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