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Acute intoxications during work.

W L de Kort1, B Sangster

  • 1Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, Voorburg, The Netherlands.

Veterinary and Human Toxicology
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Acute workplace intoxications in the Netherlands resulted in at least 690 incidents and 5 deaths, with significant underreporting in official statistics. Common culprits included pesticides and irritant chemicals across various industries.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Acute intoxications pose a significant risk in occupational settings.
  • Accurate data on workplace chemical exposures is crucial for prevention.
  • Existing surveillance systems may underestimate the true incidence of occupational poisonings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the incidence of acute intoxications during work in the Netherlands.
  • To identify common chemical agents and affected industries.
  • To assess the completeness of official statistics on occupational poisonings.

Main Methods:

  • Data triangulation from four distinct sources: Directorate-General of Labour, Netherlands Poison Control Centre, Dutch Centre for Health Care Information, and an Occupational Health Service.

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  • Review of accident reports, physician consultations, hospital admission diagnoses, and recorded incident cases.
  • Analysis of intoxicant types, affected work branches, and mortality.

    • Main Results:

    • At least 690 acute workplace intoxications were identified, with 84 hospital admissions.
    • Five deaths were reported, including hydrogen cyanide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide (with oxygen deficiency).
    • Pesticides, irritant chemicals, and asphyxiants were the most frequent agents; agriculture, chemical industries, and trade sectors were most involved.

    Conclusions:

    • Official statistics considerably underreport acute intoxications occurring during work.
    • A comprehensive surveillance approach is necessary to capture the full burden of occupational poisonings.
    • Targeted prevention strategies are needed for high-risk industries and chemical exposures.