Endophthalmitis in Oman: A descriptive retrospective multi-center study

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular inflammation, often leading to vision loss.
• Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for preserving visual acuity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the anatomical and functional outcomes, microbiology, and treatments for endophthalmitis in Oman.
• To provide insights into the management of this rare ocular emergency.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study over nine years.
• Data collected from three tertiary hospitals in Oman.
• Involved analysis of 50 endophthalmitis cases.

Main Results:

• Exogenous endophthalmitis accounted for 48 of 50 cases.
• Culture-positive results were found in 32% of cases (Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal).
• Visual acuity improved in 49% of treated eyes, with initial treatments including vitreous tap and inject or vitrectomy.

Conclusions:

• Endophthalmitis requires urgent diagnosis and intervention for optimal visual prognosis.
• Increased awareness among patients and healthcare providers is essential for early recognition and referral.
• Establishing a National Endophthalmitis Registry in Oman is recommended for better data analysis and management strategies.