Outcomes of the Pediatric Development Plan of Tapentadol

Mariëlle Eerdekens1, Tatjana Radic1, Melanie Sohns1

  • 1Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany.

Journal of Pain Research
|February 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Tapentadol, an opioid analgesic, is the first pain medication formally developed for pediatric patients. Its oral solution was approved in the EU for moderate to severe acute pain in children aged 2 to 18.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Pain management
  • Regulatory science

Background:

  • Tapentadol is an opioid analgesic used for pain relief.
  • Formal regulatory pathways for pediatric drug development are crucial.
  • Pediatric pain management requires age-appropriate formulations and dosing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the outcomes of the tapentadol pediatric development program.
  • To discuss challenges in pediatric clinical trial design and execution.
  • To outline interactions with regulatory authorities during development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the pediatric development program for tapentadol.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data across neonates to adolescents.
  • Examination of regulatory interactions and challenges.

Main Results:

  • Tapentadol oral solution authorized in the EU in 2018.
  • Indicated for moderate to severe acute pain in children aged 2 to <18 years.
  • Development addressed the full pediatric age range from birth.

Conclusions:

  • Tapentadol represents a significant advancement in pediatric pain management.
  • The formal development process facilitated regulatory approval.
  • Further insights into pediatric clinical trial conduct and regulatory engagement are provided.

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
105
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
89
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
102
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
102
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
127
Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
3.4K