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Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

Published on: September 14, 2011

Nanoneedle-Based Materials for Intracellular Studies.

Julia E Sero¹, Molly M Stevens²

¹Biology and Biochemistry Department, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|February 5, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoneedle technology allows researchers to access the inside of living cells for cancer research. These nanoscale tools offer precise intracellular analysis and material exchange with minimal cell disruption.

Keywords:

Cancer biomarker Cell metabolism Cytoskeleton Dual carbon electrodes (DCE)Fluid force microscopy Intracellular pH Intracellular sensing Mitochondria Molecular beacons Nanobiopsy Nanocapillaries Nanoelectrodes Nanoneedles Nanoparticles Nanopipettes Nanostraws Nanowires Reactive oxygen species (ROS)Redox probes Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM)Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)

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Last Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Biophysical Assays to Probe the Mechanical Properties of the Interphase Cell Nucleus: Substrate Strain Application and Microneedle Manipulation

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Published on: July 4, 2011

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanotechnology
Cell Biology

Background:

Nanoneedles are high aspect ratio structures (tip diameter 5-500 nm) capable of intracellular interfacing.
Their nanoscale dimensions enable minimal disruption of cellular functions during cell penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development and applications of nanoneedle technology in cancer research.
To highlight the potential of nanoneedles for probing intracellular environments with high resolution.

Main Methods:

Development of various nanoneedle strategies, including hollow nanoneedles, nanocapillaries, and nano-AFM.
Integration of nanosensors (fluorescent, electrochemical) for intracellular analyte detection.
Application of nanoneedle arrays for in vitro and in vivo cancer cell studies.

Main Results:

Nanobiosensors can detect intracellular vesicles and delineate tumor margins via enzyme activity.
Real-time measurement of cellular metabolism changes is achievable.
Nanoneedles facilitate targeted delivery and extraction of intracellular materials.

Conclusions:

Nanoneedle technology provides powerful tools for cancer biologists.
It enables unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution in probing cellular functions.
Current applications are largely in the proof-of-concept stage but show significant promise.