From Bench to Bedside: The Role of a Multidisciplinary Approach to Treating Patients with Lymphedema

Background: Lymphedema is a condition characterized by dysfunction of the lymphatic system resulting in chronic, progressive soft tissue edema that can negatively impact individuals' function, self-image, and quality of life. Understanding of the disease process has evolved significantly in the past two decades with advances in diagnostic modalities and surgical techniques revolutionizing prior treatment algorithms. Methods and Results: We reviewed our current approach at the University of Southern California to improving outcomes in lymphedema treatment. Given the complexity of this medical condition, patients are best served by a multidisciplinary approach. At our institution, this involves a collaborative effort between bench researchers, lymphatic therapists, medical physicians, and lymphedema surgeons. Basic science and translational research provide further understanding into the underlying mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis and the possibility for potential therapeutic interventions. Our surgical algorithms require patients to undergo a thorough diagnostic evaluation and consultation with certified lymphatic therapists prior to undergoing either physiologic or debulking operations. Patients are followed clinically following any interventions. Further community outreach and education is carried out in order to improve upon early diagnosis and symptom recognition. Conclusions: Optimizing lymphedema care requires a collaborative interplay between researchers, physicians, and therapists. Additionally, patient and provider education on early disease recognition and treatment options is an equally critical aspect of improving patient outcomes.