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Procainamide-associated pancytopenia.

A F Shields¹, J A Berenson

¹Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.

American Journal of Hematology

|April 1, 1988

Summary

Procainamide treatment can cause severe bone marrow suppression, including agranulocytosis and pancytopenia. Prompt recovery occurred after discontinuing the drug, highlighting its potential hematologic toxicity.

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Pharmacology
Toxicology

Background:

Procainamide is an antiarrhythmic medication.
Drug-induced blood dyscrasias are a known concern.
Agranulocytosis is a serious adverse effect of some medications.

Observation:

A 42-year-old male presented with thrombocytopenia, anemia, and agranulocytosis.
Bone marrow biopsy revealed hypoplasia.
The patient had no signs of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Findings:

Procainamide was identified as the causative agent.
Discontinuation of procainamide led to rapid bone marrow recovery.
This case represents the second reported instance of procainamide-induced pancytopenia.

Implications:

Clinicians should monitor for hematologic changes in patients on procainamide.
Procainamide-induced pancytopenia is a rare but severe adverse event.
Early recognition and drug withdrawal are crucial for patient outcomes.

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