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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Planar cell polarity pathway in kidney development, function and disease.

Elena Torban1,2, Sergei Y Sokol3

  • 1McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. elena.torban@mcgill.ca.

Nature Reviews. Nephrology
|February 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Planar cell polarity (PCP) guides tissue development by orienting cells. Disruptions in PCP signaling contribute to congenital kidney malformations, highlighting its crucial role in kidney organogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Planar cell polarity (PCP) describes coordinated cell orientation within tissues.
  • PCP pathways, involving asymmetric protein distribution, regulate cell shape, movement, and appendage organization.
  • Actomyosin rearrangement is a common feature of PCP-guided processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of planar cell polarity in vertebrate organogenesis.
  • To highlight the specific involvement of PCP in kidney development, including ureteric bud and podocyte formation.
  • To explore how PCP dysfunction contributes to congenital kidney disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PCP research in model organisms and vertebrates.
  • Analysis of genetic studies implicating PCP genes in kidney development.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms underlying PCP in kidney organogenesis.

Main Results:

  • PCP is essential for normal kidney development, including ureteric bud outgrowth and branching.
  • PCP pathway components are critical for proper podocyte development.
  • Mutations in PCP genes are linked to congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).

Conclusions:

  • Planar cell polarity is a fundamental pathway in kidney development.
  • Dysregulation of PCP signaling is a key factor in the pathogenesis of developmental kidney diseases.
  • Further understanding of PCP mechanisms can inform therapeutic strategies for kidney disorders.