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Effects of exercise-induced beta-hydroxybutyrate on muscle function and cognitive function.

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Exercise boosts skeletal muscle and cognitive function through beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). This study found BHB positively impacts these functions in cells and animals, with endurance exercise showing promise in humans.

Keywords:
beta-hydroxybutyratecognitive functionexerciseskeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Molecular biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Exercise stimulates molecule secretion, potentially improving skeletal muscle and cognitive function.
  • Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is implicated in exercise-induced benefits, but evidence is mainly from non-human models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of exercise-induced beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on skeletal muscle and cognitive function.
  • To examine these effects across cellular, animal, and human models.

Main Methods:

  • BHB treatment of C2C12 and C6 cell lines.
  • Measurement of muscle and serum BHB in aged mice after endurance/resistance exercise.
  • Analysis of serum BHB and its correlation with muscle/cognitive function in elderly humans before and after high-speed band exercise.

Main Results:

  • BHB enhanced C6 cell viability and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression.
  • Endurance exercise, not resistance exercise, increased muscle BHB in aged mice, correlating positively with function.
  • In elderly humans, exercise-induced BHB increase was observed after excluding outliers, showing a trend toward positive correlation with cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Skeletal muscle-derived BHB following endurance exercise may enhance muscle and cognitive function.
  • BHB's role in exercise benefits warrants further investigation in human populations.
  • Endurance exercise appears to be a key factor in modulating BHB levels for functional improvements.