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Lumpy skin disease outbreaks in vietnam, 2020
Ha Thi Thanh Tran1, Anh Duc Truong1, Anh Kieu Dang1
1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|February 6, 2021
Summary
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) first emerged in Vietnam in 2020. Genetic analysis revealed the LSD virus strains in Vietnam are identical to those in China and closely related to those in Russia, aiding vaccine development.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Disease Control
Background:
- Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a significant transboundary viral disease affecting cattle populations globally.
- The initial outbreak of LSD in Vietnam was officially reported in Lang Son Province in 2020, bordering China.
- Understanding the genetic makeup of circulating LSD virus strains is crucial for effective disease management and control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the genetic profiles of the LSD virus (LSDV) from the first outbreaks in Vietnam.
- To compare the genetic data with other geographically distinct LSDV isolates.
- To provide foundational data for developing targeted vaccines and control measures against LSD in Vietnam.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of LSD virus from clinical samples of the first outbreaks using MDBK cell cultures.
- Genetic sequencing and analysis of four well-established marker regions of the LSDV genome.
- Comparative sequence identity analysis against reference LSDV strains from China and Russia.
Main Results:
- The LSD virus isolates from the initial Vietnamese outbreaks exhibited 100% genetic identity with Chinese LSDV strains (2019) based on p32 and RP030 genes.
- High genetic similarity (99.01-100%) was observed between Vietnamese isolates and Russian LSDV strains (2017) across p32, RP030, thymidine kinase, and ORF103 genes.
- Successful isolation of LSDV using MDBK cells was achieved, representing a key step for further research and development.
Conclusions:
- The genetic data confirms a close relationship between LSDV strains in Vietnam, China, and Russia, suggesting potential common sources or pathways of introduction.
- The successful isolation and genetic characterization of LSDV from Vietnam's first outbreaks are critical for advancing vaccine development.
- These findings support the urgent need for robust surveillance and control measures to prevent the further spread of LSD in Vietnam and neighboring regions.
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