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A Human Blood-Brain Interface Model to Study Barrier Crossings by Pathogens or Medicines and Their Interactions with the Brain
Published on: April 9, 2019
The three frontlines against COVID-19: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
Shao-Cheng Wang1, Kuan-Pin Su2, Carmine M Pariante3
1Department of Forensic and Addiction Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City 717, Taiwan; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan City 717, Taiwan.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant neuropsychiatric issues, highlighting the importance of psychoneuroimmunology. Understanding these impacts is crucial for managing mental health during global health crises.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Immunology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic triggered widespread anxiety and fear.
- Neuropsychiatric complications are frequently observed in infected patients.
- The psychoneuroimmunology model offers a framework for understanding these effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compile research on the immunopsychiatry of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To explore the social, psychological, neurological, and immunological impacts of COVID-19.
- To identify potential treatments and prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- A Special Issue was launched to gather ninety-three relevant papers.
- Papers covered various aspects including psychopathology, neurological symptoms, and immune responses.
- Analysis focused on common psychiatric manifestations and neurological symptoms.
Main Results:
- Anxiety, mood disorders, and suicidal ideation were common psychiatric manifestations.
- Neurological symptoms included headache, sleep disorders, encephalopathy, and sensory loss.
- A "three-steps" Neuro-COVID infection model (neuro-invasion, clearance, immune response) was established.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 significantly impacts mental health and neurological function.
- Psychological support is vital for well-being and enhancing psychoneuroimmunity.
- Interventions include supportive care, immunomodulatory agents, antivirals, and plasma therapy.
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