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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Sleep in children and young adults with interstitial and diffuse lung disease

Diane Abdel-Latif Thomasson1, Rola Abou Taam2, Laureline Berteloot3

  • 1AP-HP, Hôpital Necker, Pediatric Noninvasive Ventilation and Sleep Unit, F-75015, Paris, France.

Sleep Medicine
|February 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is uncommon in children with interstitial lung disease (chILD). Mild or moderate OSA was found in two young adults with PAP and sarcoidosis, but not in children under 18.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in adults with interstitial lung disease (ILD).
  • Children's interstitial and diffuse lung disease (chILD) encompasses a group of rare pediatric lung disorders.
  • The occurrence of OSA in pediatric chILD populations is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To assess sleep quality in pediatric patients diagnosed with children's interstitial and diffuse lung disease (chILD).

Main Methods:

  • Polysomnography (PSG) was conducted on 20 consecutive chILD patients (age range 0.5-20 years) between June 2018 and September 2019.
  • Clinical data and PSG results were collected and analyzed for all participants.
  • Patients included various chILD subtypes: pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), surfactant metabolism disorders, diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage, unknown etiology, and sarcoidosis.

Main Results:

  • The median obstructive apnea-hypnea index (OAHI) was 0 events/hour, indicating normal breathing during sleep for most.
  • Two young adults (18 and 20 years old) exhibited mild to moderate OSA (OAHI 10.7 and 19.5 events/hour, respectively) associated with PAP and sarcoidosis.
  • Sleep efficiency and sleep stages were moderately disturbed in the study cohort, suggesting overall poor sleep quality.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) appears uncommon in children (<18 years) with chILD.
  • Mild to moderate OSA was identified in two young adults with specific chILD subtypes (PAP and sarcoidosis).
  • Further research is needed to understand OSA in young adults with chILD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child interstitial and diffuse lung diseaseDiffuse alveolar haemorrhageObstructive sleep apneaPolysomnographyPulmonary alveolar proteinosisSleepSurfactant

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