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Surface coat material associated with the developing otic placode/vesicle in the chick.

A R Sinning1, M D Olson

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.

The Anatomical Record
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that chick otic placode invagination is accompanied by the synthesis of a surface coat material (SCM) rich in glycoconjugates. This SCM is crucial for otic vesicle development and morphogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Surface coat material (SCM) is observed on apical epithelial surfaces during morphogenesis.
  • The specific role and composition of SCM during early development, particularly in the otic vesicle, remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development and composition of SCM associated with the invaginating otic placode/vesicle in chick embryos.
  • To characterize the glycoconjugates present in the SCM using lectin binding.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to visualize SCM.
  • Histochemical staining with ruthenium red (RR) and fixation with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) were employed to retain and visualize SCM.
  • Lectin histochemistry using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and soybean agglutinin (SBA) characterized glycoconjugates.

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Main Results:

  • SCM was consistently found associated with the surface ectoderm, especially around the developing otic placode/vesicle, from stage 12 onwards.
  • All tested lectins (Con A, WGA, SBA) bound to the otic placode/vesicle epithelium, indicating the presence of specific glycoconjugates.
  • The binding patterns of lectins varied, with SBA showing increased binding as the otic vesicle developed, suggesting dynamic changes in SCM composition.

Conclusions:

  • The otic placode invagination and subsequent vesicle formation in chick embryos are associated with the synthesis of a distinct SCM.
  • This SCM is rich in glycoconjugates, and its composition changes during otic vesicle development.
  • The findings highlight the importance of SCM in the morphogenesis of the otic placode/vesicle.