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Repeat balloon valvuloplasty for dogs with recurrent or persistent pulmonary stenosis
R L Winter1, J D Rhinehart1, A H Estrada2
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH, 43220, USA.
Summary
Repeat balloon valvuloplasty (BV) is safe and effective for treating recurrent or persistent pulmonary stenosis (PS) in dogs. This procedure successfully reduces obstruction severity, improving outcomes for canine patients with this common congenital heart defect.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Cardiology
- Canine Congenital Heart Disease
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is a frequent congenital heart defect in dogs.
- Severe valvar PS is often treated with balloon valvuloplasty (BV) to alleviate obstruction.
- Restenosis after BV is uncommon, and outcomes of repeat BV in dogs are not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively evaluate the outcomes of repeat balloon valvuloplasty (BV) in dogs.
- To assess the safety and efficacy of repeat BV for pulmonary valvar restenosis or persistent stenosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records and echocardiographic images from dogs undergoing repeat BV.
- Echocardiographic assessment included pulmonary valve maximum systolic ejection velocity (PVmax), pressure gradient (PGmax), and velocity time integral (VTI).
- Ratios of pulmonic to aortic velocities (PVmax/AVmax) and VTIs (VTIPV/VTIAV) were also analyzed.
Main Results:
- Twenty-three dogs were included; one had three BV procedures.
- Repeat BV was well-tolerated, with one mortality during the procedure and no other adverse effects.
- Significant reductions in PVmax, PGmax, and VTIPV were observed after both initial and repeat BV (p < 0.01).
- No significant differences were found in the pre-BV to post-BV changes between initial and repeat BV procedures (p > 0.10).
Conclusions:
- Repeat balloon valvuloplasty is a safe and effective treatment for recurrent or persistent pulmonary stenosis in dogs.
- The procedure leads to significant reductions in obstruction severity, comparable to initial BV.
- Repeat BV is a viable option for managing canine patients with refractory pulmonary stenosis.
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