Prognostic bioindicators in severe COVID-19 patients
L Bergantini1, E Bargagli1, M d'Alessandro1
1Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.
Cytokine
|February 6, 2021
Summary
Biomarkers like Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and KL-6 can identify severe COVID-19 cases. Combining these markers accurately predicts patient prognosis and severity.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 necessitates understanding disease severity.
- Immuno-inflammatory mediators are being investigated as potential biomarkers for COVID-19 severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a panel of biomarkers for patient phenotyping in COVID-19.
- To define the role of immuno-inflammatory mediators in predicting COVID-19 severity.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 24 COVID-19 patients were analyzed.
- Measurements included KL-6, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-peptide using chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and logistic regression were employed.
Main Results:
- Severe COVID-19 patients exhibited significantly higher concentrations of IL-6, CRP, and KL-6 compared to mild-to-moderate cases.
- IL-6, KL-6, and CRP concentrations showed a direct correlation.
- A logistic regression model combining IL-6, KL-6, and CRP achieved an AUC of 0.95 for distinguishing severity.
Conclusions:
- Elevated IL-6 levels are confirmed in severe COVID-19.
- The combined analysis of IL-6, KL-6, and CRP serves as a robust prognostic tool.
- These biomarkers effectively differentiate severe COVID-19 patients with poor prognosis from those with mild-to-moderate disease.
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