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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Long non-coding RNAs in endometrial physiology and pathophysiology.

Fatimah Aljubran1, Warren B Nothnick2

  • 1Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|February 7, 2021
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Summary

Non-coding RNAs are crucial regulators of the endometrium, impacting pregnancy and diseases like endometriosis and cancer. Understanding their role is key to reproductive health and endometrial cancer research.

Keywords:
Endometrial cancerEndometriosisEndometriumInfertilityNon-coding RNAsPreeclampsiaPregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Gynecologic Oncology

Background:

  • The endometrium is vital for uterine function, supporting pregnancy establishment and maintenance.
  • Endometrial abnormalities contribute to infertility, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in genome function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of ncRNAs in endometrial physiology and pathophysiology.
  • To explore the involvement of ncRNAs in normal endometrial function.
  • To elucidate the role of ncRNAs in endometrial infertility, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on non-coding RNAs and the endometrium.
  • Synthesis of findings on ncRNA regulation in normal endometrial physiology.
  • Analysis of ncRNA involvement in endometrial pathophysiology, including infertility, endometriosis, and cancer.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs play significant roles in regulating endometrial gene expression.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is implicated in conditions such as endometrial infertility.
  • ncRNAs are involved in the development and progression of endometriosis and endometrial cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNAs are critical regulators in both normal and abnormal endometrial function.
  • Targeting ncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic strategies for endometrial disorders.
  • Further research into ncRNAs is essential for advancing reproductive medicine and gynecologic oncology.