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Updated: Nov 18, 2025
An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
Published on: June 6, 2025
'Methyl palmitate attenuates adjuvant induced arthritis in rats by decrease of CD68 synovial macrophages
Gehad A Abdel Jaleel1, Samar S Azab2, Wesam M El-Bakly3
1Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt.
Abstract:
The study was designed to investigate the potential anti-arthritic effects of methyl palmitate in an adjuvant arthritis model in rats that shares many histopathological similarities with human RA. The underlying mechanism and its effect on CD68 macrophages were investigated, as a further argument to its possible efficacy in RA treatment. A normal control group was injected only with saline, arthritic group, and three treatment groups with CFA induced arthritis received methyl palmitate (MP) at three different doses (75, 150, 300 mg/kg/week for 3 weeks, intraperitoneal). The degree of ipsilateral paw swelling, ankle diameter, spleen index, thymus index and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β were measured. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanism was investigated using CD68 expression. Methyl palpitate significantly and dose dependently decreased the arthritic symptoms as measured by ipsilateral paw volume and ankle diameter. It showed no effect on body weight but significantly decreased splenic, thymus index, serum TNF-α and IL-1β. CD68 macrophages expression and the overall synovial inflammatory cellularity were halted. Methyl palmitate exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and exerts a potential anti-arthritic effect in a rat model of adjuvant induced arthritis. Furthermore, it inhibits expression of synovial CD68 macrophage that validate its therapeutic potential adjuvant arthritis.
Insights
Methyl palmitate demonstrated significant anti-arthritic effects in a rat model, reducing inflammation and joint swelling. It also inhibited CD68 macrophage expression, suggesting therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease.
- Adjuvant arthritis in rats shares histopathological similarities with human RA.
- Investigating novel therapeutic agents for RA is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of methyl palmitate (MP) in a rat model.
- To explore the underlying mechanism, including the role of CD68 macrophages.
- To assess MP's impact on inflammatory markers and immune organ indices.
Main Methods:
- Adjuvant arthritis was induced in rats using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA).
- Rats received varying doses of methyl palmitate (75, 150, 300 mg/kg/week) intraperitoneally for 3 weeks.
- Paw swelling, ankle diameter, spleen and thymus indices, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CD68 expression were measured.
Main Results:
- Methyl palmitate significantly reduced paw swelling and ankle diameter in a dose-dependent manner.
- MP treatment decreased spleen and thymus indices, along with serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β.
- Expression of CD68 macrophages and synovial inflammatory cellularity were inhibited.
Conclusions:
- Methyl palmitate exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties in an adjuvant arthritis rat model.
- MP's inhibition of synovial CD68 macrophages supports its therapeutic potential for inflammatory arthritis.
- Methyl palmitate warrants further investigation as a potential treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
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