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[A method for constructing three-dimensional face symmetry reference plane based on weighted shape analysis

Y J Zhu1,2, Y J Zhao1,2, S W Zheng3,4

  • 1Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences
|February 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm offers a more accurate 3D facial symmetry reference plane (SRP) for mandibular deviation than standard Procrustes analysis (PA). This novel method improves clinical diagnosis by better adapting to facial asymmetry.

Keywords:
Euclidean distance matrix analysisFacial asymmetryProcrustes analysisSymmetry reference plane

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Area of Science:

  • Medical imaging and analysis
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery

Background:

  • Assessing facial symmetry is crucial in diagnosing and treating conditions like mandibular deviation.
  • Traditional methods may lack precision in quantifying asymmetry, especially in complex clinical cases.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) facial analysis offers a more comprehensive approach to evaluating facial morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel 3D facial symmetry reference plane (SRP) construction method using weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA).
  • To automatically assign weights to facial anatomical landmarks for enhanced accuracy.
  • To evaluate the clinical suitability of the WPA algorithm for patients with mandibular deviation.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty patients with mandibular deviation were analyzed using 3D facial data.
  • Three-dimensional facial symmetry reference planes (SRPs) were constructed using standard Procrustes analysis (PA) and the novel weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm.
  • Comparison was made against a ground truth reference plane established by expert definition and iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm.

Main Results:

  • The WPA algorithm achieved a smaller average angle error (1.53°±0.84°) compared to the standard PA algorithm (2.06°±0.86°) against the ground truth.
  • Significant differences in angle errors were observed between the algorithms (P < 0.05).
  • For severe mandibular deviation cases, WPA demonstrated a 0.86° greater accuracy than PA.

Conclusions:

  • The WPA algorithm provides a more adaptable and accurate 3D facial symmetry reference plane (SRP) for patients with mandibular deviation.
  • This method shows potential in simulating and improving the diagnostic strategies of clinical experts.
  • Weighted shape analysis offers a superior approach to standard Procrustes analysis for complex facial asymmetry assessment.