[Research Progress on Estimation of Postmortem Interval Using mRNA and ncRNA]

Area of Science:

• Forensic Pathology
• Molecular Biology
• Genomics

Background:

• Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic science but remains a significant challenge.
• Traditional methods for PMI estimation have limitations in accuracy and applicability.
• Recent advancements focus on molecular markers for more precise time-of-death determination.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize the application of RNA-based methods for postmortem interval estimation.
• To discuss the current challenges and future directions in RNA-based PMI determination.
• To provide a technical reference for forensic pathology practice and research.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies utilizing messenger RNA (mRNA) for PMI estimation.
• Analysis of research on non-coding RNA (ncRNA) applications in determining time since death.
• Synthesis of findings from various global research groups.

Main Results:

• Messenger RNA and non-coding RNA exhibit specific variation patterns after death that correlate with PMI.
• RNA-based methods show promise for improving the accuracy of postmortem interval estimation.
• Different RNA types and analysis techniques offer varied potential for PMI determination.

Conclusions:

• RNA-specific variation patterns provide a viable molecular approach for postmortem interval estimation.
• Further research is needed to address existing challenges and refine RNA-based forensic techniques.
• This review offers insights into the development and application of RNA markers in forensic pathology.