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Effectiveness of Neonatal Hearing Screening System: A 12-Year Single Centre Study in the Czech Republic
Vít Blanař1, Jana Škvrňáková1, Arnošt Pellant1
1Faculty of Health Studies, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Pardubice Hospital, Hospitals of the Pardubice Region, Czech Republic.
Insights
Neonatal hearing screening effectiveness improved over 12 years, with fewer false positives after the first year. This highlights the importance of trained staff and regular system evaluation for early hearing loss detection.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Audiology
- Public health
Background:
- Neonatal hearing screening is crucial for early detection of hearing loss.
- Effective screening programs require trained personnel and accessible equipment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the outcomes of a neonatal hearing screening program over 12 years (2008-2019).
- To assess the overall effectiveness of the established neonatal hearing screening system.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective longitudinal data analysis of 19,117 newborns.
- Inclusion of infants born in the hospital and transferred from other facilities.
Main Results:
- A declining trend in false-positive screening results was observed after the first year (9.4% to 6.4%).
- The ratio of positive to negative screening results remained steady or declined from 2008 to 2015.
Conclusions:
- Improved care management and nurse training likely reduced false-positive results.
- Periodic evaluation of screening data is essential for maintaining system effectiveness and early detection of deficiencies.
Purpose:
The study aims to evaluate the number of examined newborns and the results of screening for twelve years (2008-2019) and to assess the effectiveness of the established system of neonatal hearing screening.
Design And Methods:
The study was designed as a retrospective longitudinal data analysis. The data included all the children (19,043) born in the hospital and also children (74) transferred from other healthcare facilities. A total of 19,117 children were included in the research group.
Results:
In the first three years, a higher number of children did not pass the hearing screening, which was followed by a declining trend in the following years. After the first year of screening (2008), there was an improvement in diagnosis linked with a decrease in false-positive screening results (from 9.4% to 6.4%; p = 0.002). From 2008 to 2015, the ratio of children with positive screening to those with negative screening had a steady or declining trend.
Conclusions:
The results showed a reduction in false-positive results after the first year of the screening program, probably due to improved care management and a gradual increase in the skills of the nurses performing the screening.
Practice Implications:
The cornerstones of neonatal hearing screening are a sufficient number of trained neonatology nurses, their mutual substitutability and the availability of a hearing screening device in the newborn ward every day. The results imply the importance of periodic evaluation of the obtained data, enabling early detection of possible deficiencies in the hearing screening system.
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