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Economic burden of COVID-19, China, January-March, 2020: a cost-of-illness study

Huajie Jin1, Haiyin Wang2, Xiao Li3

  • 1King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience at King's College London, Box 024, The David Goldberg Centre, London, SE5 8AF, England.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|February 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic imposed a significant economic burden on China, with societal costs primarily driven by productivity losses from control measures. These losses represented 2.7% of China's gross domestic product.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges globally.
  • Understanding the economic impact is crucial for policy-making and future preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the comprehensive economic costs of COVID-19 in China.
  • To analyze costs across 31 provincial-level administrative regions and nationally.

Main Methods:

  • Data sourced from government reports, clinical guidelines, and publications.
  • Cost components included contact tracing, case management, treatment, quarantine, and productivity losses.
  • Primary outcomes measured were total health-care and societal costs from January to March 2020.

Main Results:

  • Total health-care costs reached ¥4.26 billion (US$0.62 billion), with inpatient care and medicines as primary drivers.
  • Societal costs were substantial at ¥2646.70 billion (US$383.02 billion), dominated by productivity losses (99.8%).
  • Productivity losses were mainly due to movement restrictions impacting individuals without COVID-19; Hubei and Guangdong provinces incurred the highest health-care and societal costs, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 outbreak imposed a high economic burden on China.
  • Disease control measures, particularly movement restrictions, led to significant productivity losses.
  • These productivity losses constituted 2.7% of China's annual GDP, underscoring the economic impact of pandemic control strategies.
Abstract

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