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Updated: Nov 18, 2025

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An Ophthalmic Insight into Novel Coronavirus 2019 Disease: A Comprehensive Review of the Ocular Manifestations and

Amani E Badawi1, Sara S Elsheikh2, Sarah Zaher Addeen3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Journal of Current Ophthalmology
|February 8, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Ocular manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are uncommon, with conjunctivitis being the most frequent. The eye

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised concerns about potential ocular involvement.
  • Understanding the spectrum of eye conditions associated with COVID-19 is crucial for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the ocular manifestations of COVID-19.
  • To discuss the natural history and treatment of ocular COVID-19.
  • To explore the eye as a potential route of viral entry.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of literature published up to July 30, 2020.
  • Searches conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.
  • Inclusion of all clinical study types associating COVID-19 with ocular findings.

Main Results:

  • 61 papers met inclusion criteria from 168 screened abstracts.
  • Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 are generally infrequent.
  • Conjunctivitis was the most common ocular finding, with detectable viral RNA.
  • Posterior segment and neuro-ophthalmic issues were rare.

Conclusions:

  • The precise incidence of ocular symptoms in COVID-19 remains uncertain.
  • Conjunctivitis is the most frequently reported ocular manifestation.
  • The role of the eye as a portal of entry for SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation.
Keywords:
ConjunctivitisContact lensNovel coronavirus 2019Ocular transmissionRetinaSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2Tear

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