Evidence for the 4Ms: Interactions and Outcomes across the Care Continuum

Area of Science:

• Geriatrics
• Health Services Research
• Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

• Older adults often have complex health needs requiring tailored care approaches.
• Existing healthcare models may not adequately address the multifaceted needs of aging populations.
• The 4Ms framework was developed to provide a structured approach to geriatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize evidence supporting the 4Ms framework for older adult care.
• To outline the components of the 4Ms: what matters, medication, mentation, and mobility.
• To promote the adoption of age-friendly care principles.

Main Methods:

• An expert panel conducted a literature review and synthesized evidence.
• Collaboration between geriatric experts and health system executives.
• Utilized the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) database and recent literature.

Main Results:

• Incorporating 'what matters' improved psychological and physiological health.
• Medication screening (e.g., Beers' criteria) reduced polypharmacy.
• Mentation strategies aided in prevention and treatment; mobility assessments improved function and safety.

Conclusions:

• The 4Ms framework offers a reliable, evidence-based approach to geriatric care.
• This framework can reduce provider cognitive load and enhance care consistency.
• Implementation supports age-friendly care for all clinicians and healthcare workers.