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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

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Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Correlative Light Electron Microscopy CLEM for Tracking and Imaging Viral Protein Associated Structures in Cryo-immobilized Cells
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Quantitative Electron Microscopy to Study HCMV Morphogenesis.

Clarissa Read1,2, Paul Walther2, Jens von Einem3

  • 1Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visualizing human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) assembly requires advanced imaging. This study details electron microscopy methods to understand HCMV virion morphogenesis and protein functions.

Keywords:
CytomegalovirusElectron microscopyHCMVHigh-pressure freezingMorphogenesisSecondary envelopmentTomography

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) virion production involves complex, multi-step morphogenesis within infected cells.
  • Detailed molecular mechanisms of HCMV assembly and release are not fully understood.
  • Understanding HCMV morphogenesis is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe electron microscopy techniques for visualizing HCMV morphogenesis.
  • To present high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution methods for sample preparation.
  • To enable detailed characterization of viral assembly stages and protein functions.

Main Methods:

  • Application of various electron microscopy (EM) techniques.
  • High-pressure freezing (HPF) and freeze substitution (FS) for optimal sample preservation.
  • Quantitative analysis of phenotypic alterations during HCMV morphogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Detailed visualization of HCMV virion assembly stages.
  • Identification of cellular and viral protein roles in morphogenesis.
  • Characterization of structural changes during virus production.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced EM techniques, including HPF/FS, are essential for studying HCMV morphogenesis.
  • Quantitative analysis aids in understanding the function of viral and cellular proteins in assembly.
  • This approach provides critical insights into HCMV replication and potential therapeutic targets.