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Updated: Oct 12, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
Anti α1-3Gal antibodies and Gal content in gut microbiota in immune disorders and multiple sclerosis
Léo Boussamet1, Emmanuel Montassier2, Jean-Paul Soulillou1
1Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Abstract:
Recent observations suggest that Gal antigen content in gut microbiota and anti-Gal antibody response may influence inflammation in immune related disorders. In this review we summarized the current knowledge on antibody response to the Gal epitope in various immune disorders. We discuss the origin of Gal antigen associated to gut microbiota. In multiple sclerosis, the possible mechanisms by which the altered microbiota and/or circulating anti-Gal level could affect the immune response in this disease are presented.
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