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Citation of retracted publications: A challenging problem
Mark J Bolland1, Andrew Grey1, Alison Avenell2
1Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Accountability in Research
|February 9, 2021
Summary
Many scientific articles cite retracted publications, often before the retraction is known. This practice may impact research integrity, as findings might be altered by these citations.
Area of Science:
- Bibliometrics
- Scientific Integrity
- Publication Ethics
Background:
- Scientific publications with compromised integrity require retraction.
- Citations to retracted papers may necessitate corrections in citing articles.
- Limited research exists on citations predating retractions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the citation patterns of publications with documented integrity concerns.
- To determine the frequency and timing of citations to papers with published concerns regarding publication integrity (CRPI).
Main Methods:
- Analysis of citation profiles for a research group with 113 CRPI.
- Identification of source publications and their citing articles.
- Categorization of citations based on whether the source publication had a CRPI and the publication date of the citing article relative to the CRPI.
Main Results:
- 376 source publications with CRPI were cited by 5577 articles.
- 57% of 6926 references were to source articles with a CRPI.
- The majority of these citations (3688) occurred before the CRPI was published.
Conclusions:
- A significant number of articles cite publications that are later found to have integrity issues.
- Most citations to problematic papers occur before the issues are formally published.
- The impact of pre-retraction citations on scientific literature remains largely unevaluated.
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