Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

1.3K
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental characteristics during a period of auditory circuit recovery.

Hearing research·2026
Same author

Loss of C1q alters the auditory brainstem response.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience·2024
Same author

Deep Conservation and Unexpected Evolutionary History of Neighboring lncRNAs MALAT1 and NEAT1.

Journal of molecular evolution·2024
Same author

Long-term microglia depletion impairs synapse elimination and auditory brainstem function.

Scientific reports·2022
Same author

Synapse Maturation and Developmental Impairment in the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body.

Frontiers in integrative neuroscience·2022
Same author

CX3CR1 mutation alters synaptic and astrocytic protein expression, topographic gradients, and response latencies in the auditory brainstem.

The Journal of comparative neurology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
09:44

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

19.5K

Auditory Brainstem Deficits from Early Treatment with a CSF1R Inhibitor Largely Recover with Microglial Repopulation.

Giedre Milinkeviciute1, Sima M Chokr1, Karina S Cramer2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697.

Eneuro
|February 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Microglia are essential for auditory circuit development. Their temporary depletion in mice impaired hearing and neural connections, but function recovered after microglia repopulated the brain.

Keywords:
GFAPMNTBauditory brainstemcalyx of Helddepletionmicroglia

More Related Videos

Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Mouse Brain Injury with Therapeutic Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells
09:29

Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Mouse Brain Injury with Therapeutic Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells

Published on: July 10, 2019

11.3K
Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
09:44

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

19.5K
Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Mouse Brain Injury with Therapeutic Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells
09:29

Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Mouse Brain Injury with Therapeutic Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells

Published on: July 10, 2019

11.3K
Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Auditory System Research

Background:

  • Microglia play a crucial role in neural circuit formation.
  • Previous studies showed microglial elimination impairs auditory circuit maturation in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB).
  • Defects included impaired pruning of calyces of Held and reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the repopulation kinetics of microglia in the mouse MNTB after colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor treatment cessation.
  • To assess if microglial repopulation rescues the developmental defects observed after depletion.
  • To investigate the impact of microglial depletion and repopulation on auditory function.

Main Methods:

  • CSF1R inhibitor treatment was used for postnatal microglial depletion in mice.
  • Microglial repopulation time course in the MNTB was monitored after treatment cessation.
  • Calcular innervation, GFAP expression, and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were analyzed at different time points.
  • Auditory thresholds, latencies, interpeak latencies, and amplitudes were measured using ABRs.

Main Results:

  • Microglia repopulated the MNTB to control levels by four weeks of age (18 days post-treatment cessation).
  • Calcular innervation and GFAP expression recovered to control levels by four and seven weeks, respectively.
  • Temporary microglial depletion elevated auditory thresholds and altered ABR parameters at four weeks, with significant recovery by seven weeks.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia are vital for the proper formation and maturation of auditory neural circuits during early development.
  • The study demonstrates that microglial functions in circuit refinement are retained even after the critical developmental period.
  • These findings underscore the dynamic role of microglia in maintaining neural circuit integrity and function.