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Evaluation of Mitral and Aortic Valvular Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction in a Lebanese Population:

Vanessa Nader1,2, Anthony Matta1,3, Ronan Canitrot1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|February 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Valvular heart disease and left ventricle dysfunction are linked, with mitral valve disease strongly associated with systolic dysfunction. Aortic and mitral regurgitation correlate with diastolic dysfunction in the Lebanese population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and valvular heart disease (VHD) management has advanced, yet epidemiological data from developing regions like the Mediterranean are scarce.
  • This study addresses the lack of data on LVD and VHD in Lebanon, a Mediterranean country.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between mitral and aortic valvular disease and left ventricle systolic and diastolic dysfunction.
  • To provide epidemiological insights into LVD and VHD in the Lebanese population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 4520 adult patients undergoing transthoracic echocardiography from December 2016 to December 2019.
  • Patients were categorized based on LVD and VHD types; systolic dysfunction defined as ejection fraction ≤40%.

Main Results:

  • Valvular heart disease and systolic dysfunction were more prevalent in men; diastolic dysfunction was more common in women.
  • Older age (>65) and smoking were linked to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, while female sex was protective against heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
  • Systemic hypertension correlated with mitral stenosis and tricuspid regurgitation; diabetes mellitus associated with tricuspid regurgitation; smoking and older age linked to aortic stenosis.

Conclusions:

  • Mitral valve disease significantly correlated with systolic dysfunction.
  • Aortic and mitral regurgitation were associated with diastolic dysfunction.
  • Emphasizing cardiovascular disease risk factor management may reduce the burden of LVD and VHD.

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