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Updated: Nov 18, 2025

A Miniaturized Glycan Microarray Assay for Assessing Avidity and Specificity of Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinins
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Label-Free, Multiplex Glycan Microarray Biosensor for Influenza Virus Detection.

Hanyuan Zhang1,2, Alanna M Klose2, Benjamin L Miller1,2

  • 1Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States.

Bioconjugate Chemistry
|February 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed novel glycan microarrays to detect influenza virus binding. These tools can differentiate human and avian flu strains, aiding pandemic prediction and surveillance.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Biotechnology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Emerging influenza viruses from animals pose pandemic risks.
  • Understanding hemagglutinin (HA) receptor binding is crucial for predicting viral adaptation and outbreaks.
  • High-throughput technologies are needed to study influenza virus evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput sensing technology for profiling hemagglutinin receptor binding.
  • To create glycan-based receptor analogue microarrays for influenza virus detection.
  • To facilitate the study of influenza virus adaptation and evolution in humans.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of glycan-based receptor analogue microarrays on the Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry (AIR) platform.
  • Utilizing label-free, multiplex detection to distinguish between influenza viruses.
  • Designing microarrays with glycan probes featuring 2,6 and 2,3 linkages.

Main Results:

  • The developed microarrays successfully discriminated between human pandemic influenza A/California/07/2009 (H1N1pdm) and avian A/Netherlands/1/2000 (H13N8) viruses.
  • The arrays demonstrated the ability to quantify detected influenza virus strains.
  • The platform confirmed its ability to capture lectins with known specificities.

Conclusions:

  • Glycan microarrays on the AIR platform offer a promising tool for label-free, multiplex influenza virus detection.
  • This technology can be expanded to numerous glycans and virus subtypes, enabling systematic evaluation of influenza virus adaptation.
  • The findings will enhance global influenza surveillance and provide a rapid response tool for pandemic outbreaks.