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Statins Decrease the Risk of Orbitopathy in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Graves Disease.

Anton Nilsson1, Kleoniki Tsoumani2,3, Tereza Planck2,3

  • 1EPI@LUND, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|February 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Statins may protect against Graves orbitopathy (GO) in patients with Graves disease (GD). Further clinical trials are recommended to investigate statins as a preventive treatment for GO.

Keywords:
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme reductase inhibitorsGraves diseaseGraves orbitopathystatins

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Graves disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid.
  • Graves orbitopathy (GO) is a common complication of GD, leading to eye inflammation and protrusion.
  • Statins are lipid-lowering agents with potential anti-inflammatory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of statins and other lipid-lowering agents on the development of Graves orbitopathy (GO).
  • To analyze the incidence of GO in statin users versus nonusers among newly diagnosed Graves disease (GD) patients.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study in Sweden (2005-2018) included 34,894 adult patients with newly diagnosed GD.
  • Cox regression with time-varying exposure was used to compare GO incidence between statin users (n=5,574) and nonusers (n=34,409).
  • Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and hyperthyroid treatment; lipid-lowering agents other than statins were also considered.

Main Results:

  • Statin users showed a significantly lower likelihood of developing GO compared to nonusers.
  • The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for GO in statin users was 0.87 (CI 0.76-1.00, P=.04), with a stronger effect observed in men.
  • Lipid-lowering agents other than statins did not demonstrate a similar protective effect against GO.

Conclusions:

  • Statin treatment may offer protection against the development of GO in newly diagnosed GD patients.
  • The findings suggest that statins could be explored as a preventive therapy for GO.
  • Further investigation in clinical trials is warranted to confirm the preventive role of statins in GO.