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Syndecan receptors: pericellular regulators in development and inflammatory disease
Sandeep Gopal1, Samantha Arokiasamy2, Csilla Pataki3
1Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Open Biology
|February 9, 2021
Summary
Syndecans, crucial cell surface proteoglycans, regulate cell behavior and are implicated in development and disease. Their roles in cell signaling and as potential therapeutic targets are increasingly recognized.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Syndecans are major transmembrane proteoglycans with heparan sulfate chains.
- They are conserved across vertebrates and invertebrates, indicating evolutionary significance.
- Syndecans link to the actin cytoskeleton, influencing cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the functions of syndecans in development and inflammatory diseases.
- To highlight their roles as co-receptors and independent signaling molecules.
- To explore their potential as diagnostic markers, prognostic agents, and therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Review of genetic models in vertebrates and invertebrates.
- Analysis of syndecan expression patterns in development and disease.
- Examination of syndecan interactions with other cellular receptors and pathways.
Main Results:
- Syndecans modulate fundamental cellular processes including adhesion, migration, and differentiation.
- Upregulated syndecan expression is observed in development, tissue repair, and various human diseases.
- Syndecans can act as co-receptors and also signal independently to the cytoplasm.
- Potential roles in viral pathogen entry into cells were identified.
Conclusions:
- Syndecans are versatile regulators of cell behavior with critical roles in development and disease pathogenesis.
- Their involvement in inflammatory diseases and viral infections warrants further investigation.
- Syndecans represent promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
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