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Updated: Nov 18, 2025

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
Published on: September 12, 2019
Toward improving androgen receptor-targeted therapies in male-dominant hepatocellular carcinoma
Hong Zhang1, Kristen Spencer2, Stephen K Burley3
1Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Abstract:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of liver cancer and a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. HCC is a male-dominant cancer with a male:female ratio of up to 7:1. The androgen receptor (AR) is the male hormone receptor known as a major oncogenic driver of prostate cancer. Although AR has been linked to the sexual dimorphism of HCC, clinical trials with AR-targeted agents failed to generate survival benefits. Recent studies provide new insights into the role of AR in liver tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Herein, we review current understanding of AR signaling in HCC and feedback mechanisms that limit response to AR blockade. New AR-targeting strategies that might improve outcomes in HCC therapies are also discussed.
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