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Selenium and Dogs: A Systematic Review.

Viola Zentrichová¹, Alena Pechová¹, Simona Kovaříková²

¹Department of Animal Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI

|February 10, 2021

Summary

Selenium is vital for canine metabolism and health, with deficiency potentially impacting fertility and disease recovery. Commercial dog foods ensure adequate intake, but homemade diets require careful monitoring.

Keywords:

Canis familiaris Se biomarkers blood nutritional recommendations serum

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Nutrition
Canine Metabolism
Trace Mineral Research

Background:

Selenium is an essential trace element crucial for mammalian metabolism.
Understanding selenium's role in dogs is vital for maintaining their health.
Current knowledge on canine selenium status and its implications requires synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and summarize existing knowledge on selenium's function in dogs.
To assess the importance of adequate selenium intake for canine health.
To identify gaps in understanding regarding selenium's role in canine physiology.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted to gather relevant studies.
Information on selenium metabolism, deficiency, and toxicity in dogs was compiled.
Diagnostic methods for assessing selenium status were evaluated.

Main Results:

Adequate selenium intake is essential for canine metabolic function.
Selenium poisoning is rare, and clinical deficiency is uncommon but can be subclinical.
Serum or plasma selenium levels are the most reliable assessment method; indirect assays like glutathione peroxidase are questionable in canines.
Commercial dog foods generally meet recommended selenium levels, but data for homemade diets are lacking.
Subclinical selenium deficiency may affect male fertility and recovery from parasitic infections.
Selenium shows potential in cancer prevention and treatment in dogs.

Conclusions:

Balanced selenium intake is critical for canine health, supporting metabolism and potentially impacting fertility and disease resistance.
While commercial diets typically provide adequate selenium, vigilance is needed for dogs on homemade diets.
Further research is warranted on subclinical deficiency impacts and selenium's therapeutic role in canine cancer.