Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
Published on: May 10, 2017
Pain Management in Neurosurgery: Back and Lower Extremity Pain, Trigeminal Neuralgia
Yifan Xu1, Kimberly M Mauer2, Amit Singh3
1Anesthesiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Abstract:
Interventional anesthetic techniques are an integral component of a biopsychosocial approach and multidisciplinary treatment. Injection techniques are often used to diagnose disorders, decrease the need for surgery, or increase the time to surgery. The role of neural blockade techniques using local anesthetics and steroids in the assessment and treatment of pain continues to be refined. With the current opioid crisis and an aging population with increasing medical comorbidities, there is an emphasis on the use of nonopioid, nonsurgical, and multimodal therapies to treat chronic pain. This article reviews indications, goals, and methods of common injection techniques.
Related Concept Videos
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
Analgesia and Pain Management
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
General Anesthesia: Overview
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

