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Exercise, Dietary Protein, and Combined Effect on IGF-1
C N Gulick1, M C Peddie2, T Jowett3
1School of Physical Education, Sport & Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
International Journal of Science and Research Methodology
|February 10, 2021
Summary
Exercise acutely increased free Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), while high protein meals elevated 24-hour IGF-1. Understanding these effects informs muscle growth and cancer risk management.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Exercise Physiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a dual role, promoting growth and repair but linked to increased cancer risk at high concentrations.
- Dietary protein and exercise are known modulators of IGF-1 levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the acute effects and time-course of plasma free IGF-1 following dietary protein intake and/or exercise.
- To provide data informing strategies for optimizing IGF-1 for muscle growth or mitigating risks associated with elevated IGF-1.
Main Methods:
- A three-way crossover study involving 24 participants.
- Conditions included a high-protein meal, exercise (sprint interval training), and exercise followed by a high-protein meal.
- Plasma free IGF-1 was measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and over a 5-hour recovery period, plus a 24-hour follow-up.
Main Results:
- Plasma free IGF-1 significantly increased immediately post-exercise in the exercise-only condition (p=0.04).
- The high-protein meal condition resulted in a 17.5% increase in IGF-1 at 24 hours compared to baseline (p=0.02).
- No significant changes in IGF-1 over time were observed in response to the combined exercise and protein condition.
Conclusions:
- Acute exercise can transiently elevate free IGF-1, potentially benefiting muscle repair and hypertrophy.
- Sustained high protein intake may lead to chronically elevated IGF-1, warranting further investigation into long-term health implications, including cancer risk.
- Further research is needed to determine optimal timing and dosage of protein and exercise for specific health outcomes.
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