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RNA Splicing01:32

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease.

Brittany Lynn Angarola1, Olga Anczuków1,2,3

  • 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|February 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Alternative RNA splicing alterations impact healthy aging and age-related diseases. Changes in splicing factors and spliceosomal genes are linked to aging hallmarks and disease phenotypes.

Keywords:
RNAagingalternative splicingdiseasesplicing factors

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alternative RNA splicing generates protein diversity from a single gene.
  • Splicing alterations are implicated in healthy aging and age-associated diseases.
  • These changes affect genes related to aging hallmarks and spliceosomal components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known links between alternative RNA splicing and aging.
  • To explore the role of splicing regulators in healthy aging.
  • To examine the connection between splicing alterations and age-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on RNA splicing, aging, and disease.
  • Analysis of age-associated splicing changes in genes and regulatory factors.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on splicing in aging phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Alternative splicing is a source of proteomic and functional diversity.
  • Age-associated splicing alterations are observed in healthy aging and diseases.
  • Changes involve differential splicing of aging hallmark genes and spliceosomal factors.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative RNA splicing plays a crucial role in biological aging.
  • Dysregulation of splicing is linked to aging and age-related diseases.
  • Understanding these links can inform therapeutic strategies for aging and disease.