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Persistent viral shedding of human adenovirus type 7 in children with severe pneumonia

Sai-Zhen Zeng1,2,3, Le-Yun Xie2,3, Tian Yu2,3

  • 1Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Medical Virology
|February 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Human adenovirus (HAdV) shedding in children with severe pneumonia shows HAdV-7 persists longer than HAdV-3. Viral load decreases slower for HAdV-7, impacting control strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections, particularly severe pneumonia in children, necessitate understanding viral shedding dynamics.
  • Effective prevention and control strategies depend on characterizing HAdV shedding patterns in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of human adenovirus (HAdV) shedding in hospitalized children with severe HAdV pneumonia.
  • To compare the viral load dynamics and shedding duration between HAdV type 7 (HAdV-7) and HAdV type 3 (HAdV-3) infections.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect HAdV DNA in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples from 132 hospitalized children (<14 years) with severe HAdV pneumonia.
  • A total of 1372 NPA samples were analyzed to determine HAdV viral load and shedding duration.
  • Statistical analysis, including Spearman correlation and regression, was employed to assess the relationship between viral load, disease course, and shedding duration.

Main Results:

  • A significant negative correlation was observed between HAdV viral load and the course of the disease (Spearman r = -0.547, p = .000).
  • HAdV-7 viral load decreased slower (0.089 log10 copies/mL/day) with a predicted shedding duration of 96.9 days, while HAdV-3 decreased faster (0.186 log10 copies/mL/day) with a predicted duration of 51.4 days.
  • Median viral loads for HAdV-7 were higher than HAdV-3 at weeks 2, 3, and beyond 3 weeks post-infection. No significant differences in shedding duration were found based on gender, age, or underlying conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Viral shedding in children with severe HAdV pneumonia is prolonged, with HAdV-7 exhibiting longer shedding duration and slower viral load decline compared to HAdV-3.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering specific HAdV types when developing clinical management and public health interventions for pediatric adenovirus pneumonia.

Keywords:
adenoviruspersistent infectionrespiratory tractshedding

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