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An Integrated Review of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Black Populations: Underrecognized and Understudied

Milla Arabadjian, Margaret McCarthy, Victoria Vaughan Dickson

    The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
    |February 10, 2021
    PubMed

    Insights

    Blacks are underrepresented in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) research, despite similar mortality rates to whites. More diverse studies are needed to understand HCM in Black populations and improve care.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Genetics
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited cardiac disorder affecting 0.2% to 0.5% of individuals globally.
    • Current clinical guidelines for HCM lack representation of diverse populations, particularly minority groups facing health disparities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and describe the current state of scientific knowledge regarding hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) specifically within Black populations.

    Main Methods:

    • An integrated literature review following Whittemore and Knafl's methodology.
    • Searched multiple databases for publications between 2000 and 2020 focusing on HCM in Black individuals, including manifestations, disease course, symptoms, quality of life, and outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • Six articles met inclusion criteria, highlighting the underrepresentation of Black individuals in HCM research.
    • Blacks exhibit certain HCM structural phenotypes more commonly, and physiology influences treatment.
    • Mortality rates and sudden death events do not differ between Black and White individuals with HCM, yet fewer Black patients undergo genetic testing.
    • Genomic database diversity issues have led to reclassification of genetic variants more common in Black populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Black populations remain underrepresented in HCM research, hindering a full understanding of the disease's impact.
    • Complex healthcare systems and access to specialized HCM centers may contribute to this underrepresentation.
    • Longitudinal studies with large cohorts of Black individuals with HCM are essential for advancing knowledge and improving care for this population.
    Abstract

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